Drip irrigation systems can be divided into two halves. First, the “headworks” portion of the system contains the water sources, pumps, filters, chemical injection equipment, and controls. Second, the”field” portion of the system includes the transmission and emission devices used to deliver precise amounts of water, fertilizer, and other compounds directly to the crop. The illustration shows typical layouts for five different types of drip irrigation systems: field crop sub-surface drip irrigation (SDI), short-term vegetable crop, longer-term
vegetable crop, vineyard, and orchard.

Key Components:
Surface Reservoir and Pump – Typically used to pump surface water – the water may contain biological or organic elements.
Well Pump – Typically used to pump from underground aquifers – the water may contain sand, mineral, or biological elements.
Irrigation Controller – An electronic device that activates the valves according to a user defined schedule.
Chemical Injection Tanks and Equipment – Chlorine, acid and fertilizer are commonly injected from separate tanks.
Primary Filters – Filters clean the water of organic and inorganic elements to avoid clogging of the emission devices.
Control Valves – Regulate pressure and flow; relieve air and vacuum. Pressure gauges and flow meters monitor the system.
Control Valves and Backup Filters – Regulate pressure and flow at each block; provide secondary filtration.
Drip Tape – Toro Aqua-Traxx Azul and Flow Control drip tapes irrigate an entire field beneath the soil surface in this subsurface drip (SDI) application.
Oval Hose – Toro drip tape fed by Toro oval hose creates a wetted corridor along the row in this above-ground application.
Blue Stripe Hose and Emitters – Toro emitters installed with above ground Toro hose target irrigate each plant in this vineyard.
Dripline – Toro Blueline dripline with pre-installed emitters creates a wetted corridor of moisture on both sides of this tree crop.